Hand numbness is a feeling of numbness, tingling or burning in the fingers or palm, and it may be linked to pressure on one of the nerves of the hand or arm. This page covers general causes, what may ease it in the meantime, warning signs, and how a doctor evaluates it.
Note: General education, not a diagnosis. If numbness appears suddenly together with weakness in the face or arm, or trouble speaking, seek emergency medical care immediately.
Common Causes of Hand Numbness
Numbness often comes from pressure on or irritation of a nerve, which can happen at the wrist, the elbow or the neck. General causes include:
- Pressure on the median nerve at the wrist, known as carpal tunnel syndrome. See Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
- Problems at the elbow that can affect a nerve passing through it. See Elbow Problems.
- Injury to or compression of one of the peripheral nerves. See Peripheral Nerve Surgery.
- Repetitive movement, or holding the wrist or elbow in one position for a long time.
- Other causes not related to the bones, which may need a general medical assessment.
These are general examples and do not mean you have any of them. Only an examination can identify the cause.
What May Ease Discomfort in the Meantime
- Change the position of the hand and wrist, and avoid keeping the wrist or elbow bent for long periods.
- Take breaks from repetitive tasks such as typing or using tools.
- Gently shake the hand and move the fingers when they feel numb.
- Avoid sleeping on the arm or with the elbow sharply bent.
These are general, temporary steps and not a treatment. If numbness keeps coming back or does not go away, see a doctor, because delaying assessment may affect the nerve.
Warning Signs That Need Prompt Assessment
- Sudden numbness with weakness in the face, arm or leg, or trouble speaking. This is an emergency.
- Weak grip, or dropping things.
- Wasting or thinning of the muscles of the palm.
- Constant numbness that does not go away when you change position.
- Numbness after an injury, fracture or cut.
- Severe neck pain with numbness down the arm.
- Loss of feeling in the fingers, or injuring them without noticing.
How Doctors Usually Evaluate Hand Numbness
The doctor asks which fingers are affected, when the numbness appears and what worsens it. Sensation and strength in the hand and arm are then examined, and the neck, elbow and wrist may be checked too.
When needed, X-rays, a nerve conduction test or other tests may be requested. Treatment often starts with non-surgical steps, and surgery may be considered in selected cases after the diagnosis.
When to Book a Visit
Book a visit if numbness keeps returning or persists, wakes you at night, or affects how you use your hand. For an overview, see Hand, Wrist and Elbow, and to reach the clinic use the Book an Appointment / Contact Us page.